suffix

suffix

meaning

example

-ability

-ibility

-bility

noun

ability

availability

-able

-ible

-ble

adjective

capable

-ably

-ibly

-bly

adverb

ability

demonstrably

-acy

noun

state : quality

accuracy

-ade

noun

act, action, product

promenade

-age

noun

aggregate, collection

action, process

cumulative result of

house or place of

state, rank

baggage

-al

-ial

noun, adjective

of, relating to, or characterized by

action, process

aldehyde

proposal

-an

noun

one that is of or relating to

one skilled in or specializing in

of or belonging to

characteristic of : resembling

republican

-ance

-ancy

noun

action or process

quality or state, instance of a quality or state

amount or degree

assistance

-ant

noun, adjective

one connected with

thing acted upon (in a specified manner)

performing (a specified action) or being (in a specified condition)

malignant

-ar

noun, adjective

of or relating to

being

resembling

alveolar

-arch

noun

ruler, leader

having (such) a point or (so many) points of origin

monarch

-archy

noun

rule, government

monarchy

-ard

noun

one that is characterized by performing some action, possessing some quality, or being associated with some thing especially conspicuously or excessively

drunkard

-arian

noun, adjective

believer

producer

authoritarian

-ary

noun

thing belonging to or connected with

person belonging to, connected with, or engaged in

of, relating to, or connected with

library

-aster

noun

one that is inferior or not genuine

poetaster

-ate

noun, verb, adjective

one acted upon

state, dominion, jurisdiction

marked by having

act on (in a specified way)

decorate

-ation

noun

action or process

something connected with an action or process

animation

-ative

adjective

of, relating to, or connected with

talkative

-ce

-se

noun

diligence

-cide

noun

killer, killing

insecticide

-cle

-cule

-ule

noun

little one

article

-cracy

noun

form of government

social or political class

theory of social organization

aristocracy

-craft

noun

skill in planning, making, or executing

an occupation or trade requiring manual dexterity or artistic skill

skill in deceiving to gain an end

statecraft

-crat

noun

 advocate or partisan of a (specified) theory of government

member of a (specified) dominant class

democrat

-cum-

noun

along with being : AND —used to form usually hyphenated phrases

bed-cum-sitting room

-cy

noun

action, practice

rank, office

body, class

state, quality

bankruptcy

-dom

noun, adjective

dignity, office

realm, jurisdiction

state or fact of being

those having a (specified) office, occupation, interest, or character

kingdom

-drome

noun

racecourse

large specially prepared place

airdrome

-ed

past

past participle

used to form the past participle of regular weak verbs

used to form the past tense of regular weak verbs

moved

-en

-n

adjective

made of, consisting of

cause to be, have

come to be, have

golden

-ence

noun

action or process

quality or state

silence

-ency

noun

consistency

-ent

noun, adjective

nature, state

president

-er

-ee

-eer

-yer

noun

person occupationally connected with

one that does or performs

one that is

runner

-er (2)

comparatives

bigger

-er (3)

verb

used to form the comparative degree of adjectives and adverbs of one syllable

waver

-ern

direction

western

-ery

-ry

noun

qualities collectively, character

art, practice

place of doing, keeping, producing, or selling

collection, aggregate

state or condition

bakery

-esce

verb

start to

coalesce

-escent

adjective

beginning, beginning to be, slightly

reflecting or emitting light (in a specified way)

adolescent

-ese

noun, adjective

of, relating to, or originating in (a certain place or country)

language of (a particular place, country, or nationality)

speech, literary style, or diction peculiar to (a specified place, person, group, discipline, subject, or activity) —usually in words applied in depreciation

Japanese

-esque

adjective

n the manner or style of : like

arabesque

-ess

noun

female

actress

-est

superlative

used to form the superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs of one syllable

of some adjectives and adverbs of two syllables

and less often of longer ones

used to form the archaic second person singular of English verbs (with thou)

tallest

-ette

noun

little one

female

cassette

-fic

adjective

making, causing

terrific

-fication

noun

making, production

purification

-fold

adjective, adverb

multiplied by (a specified number) : times —in adjectives

having (so many) parts

eightfold

-form

-iform

adjective

in the form or shape of, resembling

cruciform

-free

adjective

to cause to be free

carefree

-ful

adjective

number or quantity that fills or would fill

full of

characterized by

having the qualities of

tending, given, or liable to

faithful

-fy

make, form into

invest with the attributes of, make similar to

beautify

-gamy

noun

marriage

union for propagation or reproduction

possession of (such) reproductive organs or (such) a mode of fertilization

bigamy

-gate

verb

arrogate

-gen

noun

producer

one that is (so) produced

oxygen

-gon

noun

figure having (so many) angles

hexagon

-gram

-graph

-graphy

noun

drawing, writing, record

epigram

-handed

noun, adverb

having a hand or hands especially of a specified kind or number —usually used in combination

using a specified hand or number of hands —used in combination

barehanded

-hood

noun

state, condition, quality, character

time, period

instance of a (specified) state or quality

individuals sharing a (specified) state or character

childhood

-i

adjective

making adjective of countries of the Middle East

iraqi

-ian

noun

one that is of or relating to

one skilled in or specializing in

of or belonging to

characteristic of : resembling

unsaturated organic compound

politician

-ic

-ical

one having the character or nature of : one belonging to or associated with : one exhibiting or affected by : one that produces

having the character or form of : being

abiotic

-ically

adverb

nature

critically

-ice

noun

act

quality

condition

justice

-ician

noun

specialist

practitioner

musician

-ics

noun

study, knowledge, skill, practice

characteristic actions or activities

characteristic qualities, operations, or phenomena

mathematics

-id

adjective

Nature

solid

-ie

-y

noun

little one, dear little one

one belonging to, one having to do with

one of (such) a kind or quality

aunty

-ier

-yer

noun

person occupationally connected with

used to form the comparative degree of adjectives and adverbs of one syllable

glazier

-ify

-fy

make, form into

invest with the attributes of : make similar to

magnify

-ile

noun, adjective

tending to or capable of

segment of a (specified) size in a frequency distribution

servile

-in

-ine

noun

organized public protest by means of or in favor of : demonstration

neutral chemical compound

enzyme

antibiotic

caffeine

-ing

present participle　

gerunds

action or process

one of a (specified) kind

running

-ion

noun

act or process

result of an act or process

state or condition

union

-ior

-iour

noun, adjective

junior

-ish

verb, adjective

of, relating to, or being —chiefly in adjectives indicating nationality or ethnic group

characteristic of

inclined or liable to

having a touch or trace of

having the approximate age of

childish

-ism

noun

act, practice, process

state, condition, property

doctrine, theory, religion

characteristic or peculiar feature or trait

realism

-ist

noun

one that performs a (specified) action

one that specializes in a (specified) art or science or skill

one that adheres to or advocates a (specified) doctrine or system or code of behavior

of, relating to, or characteristic of

realist

-ite

noun, adjective

native, resident

descendant

adherent, follower

salt or ester of an acid with a name ending in -ous

ammonite

-itis

noun

disease or inflammation

bronchitis

-ity

noun

quality, state, degree

reality

-ium

noun

a chemical element

cation

premium

-ive

-itive

adjective

that performs or tends toward an (indicated) action

native

-ization

-isation

noun

civilization

-ize

-ise

verb

cause to be or conform to or resemble

become : become like

be productive in or of

adopt or spread the manner of activity or the teaching of

criticize

-le

noun, verb

small, person, repetition

icicle

-less

destitute of, not having

unable to be acted on or to act (in a specified way)

careless

-let

noun

 small one

article worn on

booklet

-like

adjective 

resembling or characteristic of

childlike

-ling

noun

one connected with or having the quality of

young, small, or inferior one

in (such) a direction or manner

princeling

-log

-logue

noun

discourse, talk

student, specialist

catalogue

-logical

adjective

of, relating to, involving, or being in accordance with logic

skilled in logic

capable of reasoning or of using reason in an orderly cogent fashion

biological

-logist

noun

biologist

-logy

-ology

noun

oral or written expression

doctrine : theory : science

biology

-looking

adjective

odd-looking

-ly

adverb, adjective

degrading, reduction

dispersed state, dispersion

like in appearance, manner, or nature, having the characteristics of

characterized by regular recurrence in (specified) units of time, every

finally

-lysis

noun

decomposition

disintegration, breaking down

analysis

-man

-men

-person

noun

attribute, status, occupation

chairman

-mancy

divination

necromancy

-mania

noun

excitement manifested by mental and physical hyperactivity, disorganization of behavior, and elevation of mood

excessive or unreasonable enthusiasm

kleptomania

-manship

noun

art or practice of a competitive nature

skilled engagement in a competitive activity

sportsmanship

-ment

noun

concrete result, object, or agent of a (specified) action

concrete means or instrument of a (specified) action

state or condition resulting from a (specified) action

judgement

-meter

noun

instrument or means for measuring

barometer

-metry

noun

art, process, or science of measuring

geometry

-most

noun

most, most toward

topmost

-ness

noun

state, condition, quality, degree

happiness

-nik

noun

one connected with or characterized by being

computernik

-nomy

-onomy

noun

system of laws governing or sum of knowledge regarding a (specified) field

astronomy

-ock

noun

small one

bullock

-oid

adjective

something resembling a (specified) object or having a (specified) quality

resembling : having the form or appearance of

actinoid

-or

-our

-tor

noun

one that does a (specified) thing

condition, activity

actor

-ory

noun, adjective

 place of or for

something that serves for

of, relating to, or characterized by

serving for, producing, or maintaining

preparatory

-ose

adjective

full of, having : possessing the qualities of

carbohydrate

primary hydrolysis product

grandiose

-osis

noun

action, process, condition

abnormal or diseased condition

increase, formation

metamorphosis

-osity

noun

nature

jocosity

-ous

-eous

full of, abounding in,  having,  possessing the qualities of

having a valence lower than in compounds or ions named with an adjective ending in -ic

courageous

-pathy

noun

feeling, suffering

disorder of (such) a part or kind

system of medicine based on (such) a factor

sympathy

-phile

-phil

-philia

noun

lover : one having an affinity for or a strong attraction to

loving : having a fondness or affinity for

bibliophile

-philiac

one having a tendency toward

one having an abnormal appetite or liking for

computerphiliac

-phobe, -phobia

noun

one fearing or averse to (something specified)

exaggerated fear of

hydrophobia

-phone

-phony

noun

of or relating to a population that speaks (a specified language)

sound-transmitting device

earphone

-ple

adjective

times

simple

-proof

able to resist or repel

used in proving or testing or as a standard of comparison

of standard strength or quality or alcoholic content

bulletproof

-red

noun

status

hatred

-rel

-erel

noun

released

religion, religious

cockerel

-s

shoes

-scape

noun

a view or picture of a scene —usually used in combination

seascape

-scope

noun

means (such as an instrument) for viewing or observing

telescope

-self

-selves

reflexive pronoun

self

myself

-ship

state, condition, quality

office, dignity, profession

art, skill

something showing, exhibiting, or embodying a quality or state

membership

-some

adjective

characterized by a (specified) thing, quality, state, or action

group of (so many) members and especially persons

body, chromosome

handsome

-speak

noun

used to form especially nonce words denoting a particular kind of jargon

computerspeak

-sphere

noun

zone, layer or region enveloping or radiating from the earth or another celestial body

collectivity, totality (as specified by the initial element)

atmosphere

-ster

noun

one that does or handles or operates

one that makes or uses

youngster

-th

-eth

noun, adjective

used in forming ordinal numbers

act or process

state or condition

used with the figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 0 and related Roman numerals to indicate an ordinal number

fifth truth

-tion

noun

movement, status, result

ignition

-tious

adjective

movement, status, result

ambitious

-tude

-itude

noun

state, condition, quality

aptitude

-ty

noun

quality, condition, degree

beauty

-ular

of, relating to, or resembling

globular

-ulous

being slightly or minutely

garrulous

-ure

noun

act, process

office, function

censure

-ward

-wards

-ways

adjective, adverb

that moves, tends, faces, or is directed toward

that occurs or is situated in the direction of

afterward

-wide

adjective, adverb

whole

worldwide

-wise

adjective, adverb

 in the manner of

in the position or direction of

with regard to : in respect of

clockwise

-worthy

adjective

fit or safe for

of sufficient worth for

trustworthy

-y, -ey

adjective

characterized by, full of

having the character of composed of

like like that of

tending or inclined to

giving occasion for (specified) action

performing (specified) action

sleepy

-y (2)

noun

state, condition, quality

activity, place of business, or goods dealt with

whole body or group

victory